Canadian Rockies...
Agree with John. Mt Temple is a big, beautiful mountain, but if you get off-route, of if its icy, you can get yourself into a lot of trouble quickly. Unless you've done something like Temple before, you might want to hook up with an experienced group or even get a guide for that one.
Valley of the Ten Peaks - Wonderful hike up a long valley surrounded by alpine terrain all day. About a 12 mile, 2,900' day.
Valley of the Presidents - Another great high valley hike of about 13 miles and 3,000' ascent.
Fairview and Saddle Mtns - The Noonmark of the area. Short at 7 miles r/t and 3,000' ascent. Get an early start to avoid the crowds. This is a good one to do mid-week. Great views.
Abbot Pass - A hike to a high Alpinist's hut up a scree chute to a saddle between Mts Victoria and Lefroy. The scenery is great and you'll have an excellent chance of seeing mountain goats up close. The hike/climb is around 8 miles r/t and 3,200' ascent from the Lake O'Hara interior campground.
There is rockfall off the mountains of both sides of the chute. Good to stay in the middle, and even better to bring a helmet.
Lake O'Hara - You must take a few days in around here. The hikes and alpine routes are spectacular.
Emerald Lake - Burgess Pass - Yoho Pass - Great hike, possibility of moose, bear and goats. 12 miles and 2,800'.
We did lots of other things in the 2 weeks we were there. A period of rain was ending as we flew into Alberta, and we had cloudless, mild days from early to mid-September. Almost any hike in the guidebooks where you get up high will be spectacular.